Terms

Git

Git is a distributed version control system that tracks versions of files, primarily used to manage source code in collaborative software development. It allows multiple programmers to coordinate work and maintain a complete history of changes, with a design focused on speed, data integrity, and support for distributed, non-linear workflows.

Common Commands

Git commands are run from the command line to interact with a repository. While there are hundreds of commands, a handful are used daily to manage project history and collaborate with others. These core commands form the basis of most Git workflows.

  • init: Creates a new, empty Git repository in the current directory.
  • clone: Makes a local copy of an existing remote repository.
  • add: Stages a file, preparing it for inclusion in the next commit.
  • commit: Records the staged changes to the repository's permanent history.
  • push: Sends your committed changes to a remote repository for collaboration.

Best Practices

Write clear, descriptive commit messages to explain the "why" behind a change, not just the "what." Use the imperative mood in your commit subject lines, like "Add feature" instead of "Added feature." This convention keeps the history clean and understandable.

Keep commits small and atomic, with each representing a single logical change. This simplifies code reviews, bug hunting, and reverting changes if needed. Always work on new features or fixes in separate branches to keep the main branch stable.

Git vs. GitHub

While often used together, Git and GitHub serve distinct yet complementary roles in the software development lifecycle.

  • Git: is a distributed version control system installed locally, offering speed, data integrity, and full control over the codebase. Its complexity and lack of built-in access control are downsides. Enterprises and mid-market firms often prefer self-hosting Git for maximum security, privacy, and custom workflow integration.
  • GitHub: is a web-based platform that hosts Git repositories, providing a user-friendly interface and powerful collaboration tools like pull requests. This introduces reliance on a third-party service. It's favored by companies of all sizes for its ease of use, cloud convenience, and streamlined team workflows.

Troubleshooting Tips

When things go wrong in Git, it can feel like untangling a knot. Common issues include merge conflicts, detached HEAD states, or accidentally deleting work. Understanding how to diagnose and fix these problems is crucial for maintaining a clean project history.

  • Advantage: Git’s detailed history is a lifesaver, allowing you to trace every change and revert to any previous state. This makes identifying the source of a bug much simpler.
  • Challenge: The same power can be a double-edged sword; incorrect commands like a forced push can rewrite history, making recovery difficult without deep expertise.

Integration with Other Tools

Git’s open nature allows it to connect with a wide array of development tools.

  • IDEs: Most modern code editors offer built-in Git support for managing changes.
  • CI/CD: Platforms like Jenkins and GitHub Actions use Git to trigger automated workflows.
  • Project Management: Tools like Jira and Trello link commits directly to project tasks.

Frequently Asked Questions about Git

What is the difference between git fetch and git pull?

git fetch downloads remote changes but doesn't merge them into your local branch, letting you review them first. git pull is a combination command that fetches the changes and immediately tries to merge them into your current working branch.

How can I undo my last commit?

To undo the last commit while keeping your changes, use git reset --soft HEAD~1. To completely discard the commit and its changes, use git reset --hard HEAD~1. The --hard option is destructive, so use it with caution.

What does a "detached HEAD" state mean?

A "detached HEAD" means you've checked out a specific commit that isn't the tip of a branch. You can view the code at that point, but new commits won't belong to any branch unless you create a new one from that state.

Other terms

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Contract Management

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Data Encryption

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Robotic Process Automation

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Trade Shows

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Order Management

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MOFU

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Yield Management

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Data Security

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Break-Even

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Sales and Marketing Analytics

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Lead Scoring Models

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Database Management

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Triggered Email

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Economic Order Quantity

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Pain Point

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Point of Contact

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Escalations

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Sales Prospecting Software

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Statement of Work

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Request for Proposal

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Sales Metrics

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Demand Generation

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Objection Handling

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Site Retargeting

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No Forms

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Signaling

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Champion/Challenger Test

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Deal-Flow

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API

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Reverse Logistics

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Ideal Customer Profile

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Channel Partners

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Qualified Lead

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Chatbots

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Sales Engineer

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CPQ software

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Bottom of the Funnel

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Bulk Application Programming Interface

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Market Intelligence

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Serviceable Available Market

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Inside Sales Metrics

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Contact Data

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Page Views

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Social Selling

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Kanban

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Mobile Optimization

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Marketing Qualified Opportunity

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ClickFunnels

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Territory Management

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Conversational Intelligence

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Revenue Forecasting

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Day Sales Outstanding

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Custom Metadata Types

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Email Deliverability

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Customer Data Analysis

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Real-time Data

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Brag Book

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Hard Sell

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80/20 Rule

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Simple Object Access Protocol Application Programming Interface

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Simple Object Access Protocol Application Programming Interface